We created this list of the thousand most common Latin words by doing a statistical analysis of a large collection of ancient Latin texts, including writings by:
We converted the words in the texts to their dictionary forms (that was necessary because of the grammatical case-based declensions that are so common in Latin). Then, we counted the occurrence of each word and sorted them by frequency.
In Latin dictionaries, verbs are often indexed using the first-person singular form rather than the infinitive form. This is the convention that we followed in this vocabulary list.
-
sum
[verb]
(to be, exist)
-
et
[conjunction]
(and, also, even)
The Latin word “et” means “and”. It is the first part of the abbreviation “etc.” (et cetera).
-
qui
[pronoun/determiner]
(who, which, what, that; any)
The Latin pronoun “quī” is the origin of the French pronoun “qui”. It is also the origin of the Spanish pronoun “quien”.
-
in
[preposition]
(in, on (+abl); into, onto (+acc))
-
is
[pronoun/determiner]
(he, she, it; this, that)
-
non
[adverb]
(not)
-
ut
[conjunction/adverb]
(as, when (+indic); so that, that, to (+subj))
The Latin conjunction “ut” is followed by the subjunctive. It appears in this famous Latin phrase by the Roman poet Ovid: “ut ameris, amabilis esto” which means “to be loved, be lovable”.
-
ad
[preposition]
(to, toward, at, near (+acc))
The Latin preposition “ad” appears in a Latin expression that we use in English: “ad hoc” (which refers to something not previously planned but created just for a particular purpose).
-
hic
[pronoun/determiner]
(this; the latter)
Latin is a language that doesn’t have definite or indefinite articles. However, demonstratives such as “hic”, “ille” and “is” are among the most common words in Latin.
-
ab
[preposition]
(from, away from, by (+abl))
-
cum
[preposition]
(with (+abl))
The Latin preposition “cum” (with) appears in the academic expression “cum laude” (with praise). It’s also the origin of the Spanish preposition “con” (with).
-
cum
[conjunction]
(when, since, although)
The Latin preposition “cum” (with) appears in the academic expression “cum laude” (with praise). It’s also the origin of the Spanish preposition “con” (with).
-
si
[conjunction]
(if)
-
facio
[verb]
(to do, make, create, cause)
-
dico
[verb]
(to say, speak, tell, call)
The Latin verb “dico” (to speak) is the root of the English term “dictionary.”
-
ille
[pronoun/determiner]
(that; the former; he, she, it)
-
possum
[verb]
(to be able, can)
In American English, the word “possum” refers to a cute marsupial. In Latin, however, the word “possum” is a verb that means “to be able to.” Here is a phrase by the Roman poet Virgil that contains this verb: “possunt quia posse videntur” (“they can because they think they can”).
-
omnis
[adjective]
(all, every, whole)
A noun form of this Latin word appears in the phrase “omnia vincit amor” by the Roman poet Virgil, which translates to “love conquers all”.
-
suus
[determiner]
(his own, her own, its own, their own)
-
de
[preposition]
(down from, from, about, concerning (+abl))
-
se
[pronoun]
((reflexive) himself, herself, itself, themselves)
-
ex
[preposition]
(out of, from, according to (+abl))
-
ego
[pronoun]
(I)
In Latin, the word “ego” is simply the first-person singular pronoun.
-
sed
[conjunction]
(but)
-
res
[noun]
(thing, matter, affair, situation, property, fact)
-
ipse
[pronoun/determiner]
((intensive) himself, herself, itself, themselves; very, actual)
A declined form of this word appears in the Latin expression “ipso facto” which means “by the fact itself” and which refers to a direct consequence.
-
atque
[conjunction]
(and, and also, as well as)
-
tu
[pronoun]
(you (singular))
In this ranking of the most common Latin words, not far below the first-person singular pronoun “ego”, we find the second-person singular pronoun “tu”.
-
quod
[conjunction]
(because, which, that (fact that))
The word “quod” (which) appears in the Latin phrase “quod erat demonstrandum” (abbreviated by its initials as QED), which is used in mathematics and means “which was to be demonstrated”.
-
enim
[conjunction]
((postpositive) for, indeed, in fact)
-
habeo
[verb]
(to have, hold, possess, consider)
-
per
[preposition]
(through, along, by means of (+acc))
In addition to being used as a preposition, this word also serves as a Latin prefix.
-
aut
[conjunction]
(or)
-
alius
[adjective/pronoun]
(other, another)
The English words alien and alienate are derived from the Latin word alius.
-
autem
[conjunction]
((postpositive) however, moreover, but)
-
nec
[conjunction]
(and not, nor)
The Latin conjunction “nec” appears in the expression “nec plus ultra” (“nothing further beyond”), which refers to the state of the art.
-
etiam
[adverb]
(also, even, still)
-
quis
[pronoun]
(who? what? anyone, anything)
An example phrase containing this Latin word is: “Quis custodiet ipsos custodes?”. This phrase by the Roman poet Juvenal can be translated into English as “Who will watch the watchmen?”
-
quam
[adverb/conjunction]
(how, than, as; (after tam) as)
-
vel
[conjunction/adverb]
(or; or even, indeed)
-
do
[verb]
(to give, grant, offer)
The Latin verb “dō” means “to give.” It is a synonym of the verb “dōnō,” which is the origin of the English word “donation.”
-
homo
[noun]
(human being, person, man)
The Latin word “homō” means “human.” It appears in the scientific term “homo sapiens,” which refers to our species.
-
idem
[pronoun/determiner]
(the same)
-
multus
[adjective]
(much, many)
-
meus
[determiner]
(my, mine)
-
magnus
[adjective]
(great, large, important)
-
quia
[conjunction]
(because)
-
tuus
[determiner]
(your, yours (singular))
-
noster
[determiner]
(our, ours)
-
tamen
[adverb]
(nevertheless, however, still)
-
ne
[conjunction]
(that...not, lest (+subj); (introduces question))
-
ne
[adverb]
(not)
-
pars
[noun]
(part, share, side, direction)
-
causa
[noun]
(cause, reason, case)
-
tempus
[noun]
(time, period, season)
-
nomen
[noun]
(name, title, noun)
-
filius
[noun]
(son)
The Latin word “filius” means “son.” It is the origin of the English adjective “filial.”
-
unus
[numeral/adjective]
(one, single, alone)
The Latin word “unus” appears (in an inflected form) in the motto of the United States of America: “e pluribus unum,” which translates to “out of many, one”.
-
dies
[noun]
(day)
The accusative form of the Latin word “dies” (day) appears in the expression “Carpe diem” (seize the day).
-
ita
[adverb]
(so, thus, in this way)
-
nos
[pronoun]
(we; us)
-
locus
[noun]
(place, position, topic)
The Latin term locus is the root of the English words location and local.
-
pro
[preposition]
(for, on behalf of, before, in front of, instead of (+abl))
The Latin phrase “quid pro quo”, which translates to “something in exchange for something else”, contains this preposition.
-
modus
[noun]
(manner, way, method, measure, limit)
-
rex
[noun]
(king)
The Latin word “rex” (king) is the origin of the terms “rey” (in Spanish), “re” (in Italian), “roi” (in French), and it’s also the root of the English word “royalty”.
-
deus
[noun]
(god, deity)
-
quidam
[pronoun/determiner]
(a certain one, someone, something; a certain)
-
debeo
[verb]
(to owe; ought, must, should)
-
iam
[adverb]
(now, already, soon)
-
primus
[adjective]
(first, foremost, chief)
-
terra
[noun]
(earth, land, ground)
The Latin word terra means either “the ground” or “the planet Earth” depending on the context. The English word terrestrial comes from this Latin root.
-
nihil
[pronoun]
((indeclinable) nothing)
The Latin word “nihil” is the root of the English word “nihilism”.
-
pater
[noun]
(father, ancestor)
The Latin word “pater” (father) is the origin of the words “padre” (in Spanish and Italian) and “père” (in French). It is also the root of the English adjective “paternal”.
-
neque
[conjunction]
(and not, nor)
-
quoque
[adverb]
((postpositive) also, too)
-
corpus
[noun]
(body)
The Latin word “corpus” (body) is used in English in the context of linguistics, where it refers to a collection of written texts. This term is also the origin of the Spanish word “cuerpo” (body).
-
ago
[verb]
(to do, drive, act, conduct, treat)
-
iste
[pronoun/determiner]
(that (of yours); that (person/thing near you); such)
-
quidem
[adverb]
((postpositive) indeed, certainly, at least)
-
opus
[noun]
(work, task, deed; need (opus est + abl/inf))
The Latin word “opus” might sound familiar because it is used in the expression “magnum opus,” which refers to a masterpiece.
-
nisi
[conjunction]
(if not, unless, except)
-
populus
[noun]
(people, nation)
-
nullus
[adjective/pronoun]
(no, none, not any)
-
liber
[noun]
(book)
The Latin word “liber” (book) is the root of the English word “library”.
-
accipio
[verb]
(to receive, accept, hear, learn)
-
vero
[adverb]
(in truth, indeed, certainly; but)
-
inter
[preposition]
(between, among, during (+acc))
The Latin preposition “inter” (between) is also used as a prefix. It appears in English words such as “international” and “interdisciplinary”.
-
sicut
[adverb/conjunction]
(as, just as, like)
-
genus
[noun]
(kind, sort, class, race, birth)
-
duo
[numeral]
(two)
-
totus
[adjective]
(whole, entire, all)
-
animus
[noun]
(mind, spirit, courage, soul)
-
nunc
[adverb]
(now)
-
sine
[preposition]
(without (+abl))
The word “sine” (without) appears in a Latin expression used in English: “sine qua non” which refers to an indispensable condition.
-
ante
[preposition]
(before, in front of (+acc))
-
ante
[adverb]
(before, previously)
-
dominus
[noun]
(master, lord)
-
bellum
[noun]
(war)
The Latin word “bellum” (war) is the root of the English adjective “belligerent.”
-
sic
[adverb]
(so, thus, in this way)
-
ubi
[adverb/conjunction]
(where, when)
The Latin adverb “ubi” (where) appears in the English adjective “ubiquitous”.
-
quaero
[verb]
(to seek, ask, inquire)
-
tam
[adverb]
(so, so much, to such a degree)
-
scribo
[verb]
(to write)
The Latin verb “scribo” (to write) is the root of the English verb “to inscribe”.
-
aliquis
[pronoun]
(someone, something, anyone, anything)
The Latin word “aliquis” is the origin of the words “alguien” in Spanish, and “alguém” in Portuguese.
-
post
[preposition]
(after, behind (+acc))
-
post
[adverb]
(afterwards, later, behind)
-
bonus
[adjective]
(good, kind, useful)
-
alter
[adjective/pronoun]
(the other (of two), second)
-
nam
[conjunction]
(for, because (explanatory))
-
credo
[verb]
(to believe, trust (+dat); entrust)
-
lex
[noun]
(law, statute)
The Latin word “lex” (law) is the origin of the words “ley” in Spanish and “loi” in French.
-
ius
[noun]
(right, justice, law)
-
ratio
[noun]
(reason, account, method, plan, reckoning)
-
fides
[noun]
(faith, trust, belief, loyalty, promise)
-
fero
[verb]
(to bear, carry, bring, endure, report)
-
apud
[preposition]
(at, near, among, in the presence of (+acc))
-
igitur
[conjunction]
((usually postpositive) therefore, consequently)
-
an
[conjunction]
((introduces question, often alternative) whether, or)
-
quasi
[adverb/conjunction]
(as if, just as, about, approximately)
-
manus
[noun]
(hand; band (of men))
The Latin word “manus” (hand) is the origin of the Spanish word “mano”, the French word “main” (which both mean “hand”), and the English adjective “manual”.
-
lego
[verb]
(to read, choose, gather)
Descendents of the Latin word “lego” are found in the Romance languages: “lire” in French, “leggere” in Italian, “leer” in Spanish, and “ler” in Portuguese.
-
annus
[noun]
(year)
-
mitto
[verb]
(to send, let go)
-
super
[preposition]
(over, above, upon (+acc); concerning (+abl))
-
super
[adverb]
(above, besides, moreover)
-
exercitus
[noun]
(army)
-
natura
[noun]
(nature, character)
-
ergo
[adverb/conjunction]
(therefore, consequently)
An example of a Latin phrase containing this word is the argument by the French philosopher Descartes: “cogito, ergo sum” which translates to “I think, therefore I am”.
-
domus
[noun]
(house, home)
-
scio
[verb]
(to know, understand)
The Latin verb “scio” (to know) is the root of the English word “science.”
-
audio
[verb]
(to hear, listen to)
-
actio
[noun]
(action, deed, legal action, speech)
-
mors
[noun]
(death)
-
contra
[preposition]
(against, opposite, facing (+acc))
-
contra
[adverb]
(opposite, on the contrary, in return)
-
tum
[adverb]
(then, at that time)
-
intellego
[verb]
(to understand, perceive)
-
summus
[adjective]
((superlative of superus) highest, greatest, top (of))
-
publicus
[adjective]
(public, common, belonging to the state)
-
peto
[verb]
(to seek, ask for, attack, aim at)
The Latin verb “peto” (to ask) is the root of the English word “petition”.
-
sequor
[verb]
((deponent) follow, pursue, accompany)
The Latin verb “sequor” (to follow) appears, in a conjugated form, in the phrase “non sequitur” that we use in English to refer to an invalid argument where the conclusion doesn’t follow from the premises.
-
puto
[verb]
(to think, consider, suppose)
The Latin verb “puto” (to consider) is the root of the English adjective “putative” (which means “generally assumed”)
-
aio
[verb]
((defective) to say yes, assert, affirm)
-
malus
[adjective]
(bad, evil, wicked)
-
miles
[noun]
(soldier)
The Latin term “miles” (soldier) is the root of the English words “military” and “militia”.
-
magis
[adverb]
((comparative of magnopere) more, rather)
-
inquam
[verb]
((defective) say (used with direct quotations))
This Latin frequency dictionary contains many verbs that can be translated to English as “to say.” These include “inquam”, “aio”, “dico”.
-
pono
[verb]
(to put, place, set, lay down)
-
propter
[preposition]
(on account of, because of (+acc))
-
sive
[conjunction]
(or if, or)
-
gens
[noun]
(race, nation, clan, people)
-
relinquo
[verb]
(to leave behind, abandon, give up)
The Latin verb “relinquo” (to abandon) is the root of the English verb “to relinquish.”
-
sub
[preposition]
(under, close to (+abl); up to, towards (+acc))
The Latin preposition “sub” (under) is also used as a prefix that appears in English words like “submarine” and “subtitle.”
-
loquor
[verb]
((deponent) speak, talk, say)
The Latin verb “loquor” (to speak) is the root of the English adjective “loquacious,” which means “chatty”.
-
licet
[verb]
((impersonal) it is permitted, one may (+dat +inf))
The Latin verb “licet” (to be allowed) is the origin of the English adjective “illicit”.
-
uterque
[pronoun/determiner]
(each (of two), both)
-
dum
[conjunction]
(while, as long as, until; provided that)
-
castra
[noun]
((plural only) camp)
-
minus
[adverb]
((comparative of parum) less)
-
Deus
[proper noun]
(God)
-
morior
[verb]
((deponent) die)
-
reddo
[verb]
(to give back, return, restore, render)
-
teneo
[verb]
(to hold, keep, possess, occupy)
The Latin verb “teneo” is the origin of the French verb “tenir” and the Spanish verb “tener”.
-
iudicium
[noun]
(judgment, decision, trial, court)
-
ceterus
[adjective]
(the rest, the others, remaining)
-
mens
[noun]
(mind, reason, intellect, intention)
-
quoniam
[conjunction]
(since, because, whereas)
-
gero
[verb]
(to carry, bear, wear; manage, conduct; wage (war))
-
frater
[noun]
(brother)
-
solus
[adjective]
(alone, only, sole)
-
cognosco
[verb]
(to learn, find out; (perfect) know)
-
dux
[noun]
(leader, general, commander, guide)
-
usque
[adverb]
(all the way, right up to, continuously)
-
tantus
[adjective]
(so great, so much, such great)
-
respondeo
[verb]
(to answer, reply, respond)
-
pecunia
[noun]
(money, property)
The Latin word “pecūnia” (which means “money”) is the origin of the English adjective “pecuniary.”
-
solum
[adverb]
(only, merely)
-
consilium
[noun]
(plan, advice, counsel, purpose, council)
-
utor
[verb]
((deponent) use, employ, enjoy (+abl))
-
soleo
[verb]
((semi-deponent) be accustomed, be used to)
-
ordo
[noun]
(order, rank, class, row)
-
nascor
[verb]
((deponent) be born, arise, originate)
The Latin word “nascor” is the origin of the words “naître” in French, “nascere” in Italian, “nacer” in Spanish, and “nascer” in Portuguese.
-
secundum
[preposition]
(according to; after; along (+acc))
-
semper
[adverb]
(always, ever)
-
caelum
[noun]
(sky, heaven)
The Latin word “caelum” is the origin of the terms “ciel” in French and “cielo” in Spanish.
-
praesto
[adverb]
(at hand, ready, present)
-
duco
[verb]
(to lead, guide, draw, consider)
The Latin verb “duco” (to lead) is related to the noun “dux” (leader).
-
satis
[adverb]
(enough, sufficiently)
-
medius
[adjective]
(middle, middle of, central)
-
iudex
[noun]
(judge, juror)
-
recipio
[verb]
(to take back, receive, accept, recover)
-
sanctus
[adjective]
(holy, sacred, venerable)
-
deinde
[adverb]
(then, next, afterwards)
-
cor
[noun]
(heart)
The Latin word “cor” (heart) is the root of the Spanish word “corazón” and the French word “cœur” (which both mean “heart”)
-
talis
[adjective]
(such, of such a kind)
-
mater
[noun]
(mother)
-
mos
[noun]
(custom, habit, practice; (pl.) character, morals)
-
proprius
[adjective]
(one's own, proper, peculiar, characteristic)
-
certus
[adjective]
(certain, sure, fixed, reliable)
-
regnum
[noun]
(kingdom, royal power, rule)
-
tres
[numeral]
(three)
-
refero
[verb]
(to bring back, report, refer, relate)
-
patior
[verb]
((deponent) suffer, endure, allow, permit)
-
appello
[verb]
(to call, name, address)
-
inde
[adverb]
(from there, thence; then, thereupon)
-
sententia
[noun]
(opinion, feeling, thought, sentence, vote)
-
ideo
[adverb]
(for that reason, therefore)
-
gratia
[noun]
(favor, grace, gratitude, influence)
-
quisque
[pronoun/determiner]
(each one, everyone, everything; each)
-
tunc
[adverb]
(then, at that time)
-
iudico
[verb]
(to judge, decide, consider)
-
usus
[noun]
(use, practice, experience, advantage, need)
-
singulus
[adjective]
(single, separate, one by one)
-
oportet
[verb]
((impersonal) it is necessary, it is proper, one ought)
-
capio
[verb]
(to take, capture, seize, understand)
-
finis
[noun]
(end, boundary, limit; (pl.) territory)
-
heres
[noun]
(heir)
-
princeps
[adjective]
(first, chief, leading)
-
unde
[adverb]
(from where, whence)
-
contineo
[verb]
(to hold together, contain, restrain)
-
anima
[noun]
(soul, spirit, life, breath)
-
officium
[noun]
(duty, service, office, function)
-
potestas
[noun]
(power, authority, ability, opportunity)
-
trado
[verb]
(to hand over, surrender, betray, transmit)
-
ager
[noun]
(field, land, territory)
-
oculus
[noun]
(eye)
-
urbs
[noun]
(city)
The Latin word “urbs” (city) is the root of the English adjective “urban”.
-
adhuc
[adverb]
(still, up to this time, yet)
-
similis
[adjective]
(like, similar (to + gen or dat))
-
labor
[noun]
(work, labor, toil, effort, hardship)
The Latin word labor appears in the phrase “labor omnia vincit” by the Roman poet Virgil, which translates to “hard work conquers all”.
-
persona
[noun]
(mask, character, person)
-
suscipio
[verb]
(to undertake, take up, receive, support)
-
ob
[preposition]
(on account of, because of; towards, facing (+acc))
-
occido
[verb]
(to kill, cut down)
-
Dominus
[proper noun]
(Lord (often referring to God/Christ))
-
aqua
[noun]
(water)
The Latin word “aqua” is the origin of the terms “eau” in French, “acqua” in Italian, “agua” in Spanish, and “água” in Portuguese.
-
nemo
[pronoun]
((dat. nemini, acc. neminem) no one, nobody)
The Latin pronoun “nemo” (which means “no one” or “nobody”) was used by French novelist Jules Verne as the name of one of the characters in his novel Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Seas.
-
littera
[noun]
(letter (of alphabet); (pl.) letter (epistle), literature, documents)
-
postea
[adverb]
(afterwards, later)
-
nosco
[verb]
(to get to know, learn; (perfect) know)
-
ibi
[adverb]
(there, in that place)
-
caro
[noun]
(flesh, meat)
-
ignis
[noun]
(fire)
The Latin word “ignis” (fire) is similar to the Sanskrit word “agní” which also means “fire”. In fact, Latin and Sanskrit are both languages from the Indo-European family, and they originate from a common ancestor language called the Proto-Indo-European language. See this article on Latin vs Sanskrit.
-
quantus
[adjective/pronoun]
(how great, how much; (as pronoun) how much? how many?)
-
principium
[noun]
(beginning, origin, principle)
-
uxor
[noun]
(wife)
-
communis
[adjective]
(common, general, public)
-
species
[noun]
(appearance, look, kind, type)
-
placeo
[verb]
(to please, satisfy (+dat))
-
honor
[noun]
(honor, esteem, office, distinction)
-
ullus
[adjective/pronoun]
(any, anyone)
-
pax
[noun]
(peace)
The Latin word “pax” (peace) is the origin of the French word “paix”, which has preserved the final letter ‘x’ but made it silent. It is also the origin of the words “pace” in Italian, “paz” in Spanish.
-
amicus
[noun]
(friend (male))
The Latin word “amicus” (friend) is the origin of the words “amigo” in Spanish and “ami” in French. It is also the root of the English adjective “amiable.”
-
hereditas
[noun]
(inheritance, heredity)
The Latin word “hereditas” (inheritance) is the origin of the English adjective “hereditary.”
-
humanus
[adjective]
(human, humane, civilized, cultured)
-
quando
[adverb/conjunction]
(when?; since, because; at some time, ever)
The Latin adverb “quandō” is the origin of the words “quand” in French and “cuando” in Spanish.
-
spiritus
[noun]
(breath, spirit, soul, life, courage)
-
constituo
[verb]
(to set up, establish, decide, arrange)
-
redeo
[verb]
(to go back, return)
-
legatus
[noun]
(envoy, ambassador, lieutenant, legate)
-
tertius
[numeral]
(third)
-
ars
[noun]
(art, skill, craft, method)
-
cogo
[verb]
(to drive together, collect, compel, force)
-
libertas
[noun]
(freedom, liberty)
-
fructus
[noun]
(fruit, profit, benefit, enjoyment)
-
probo
[verb]
(to approve, prove, test)
-
transeo
[verb]
(to go across, cross, pass over)
-
vos
[pronoun]
(you (plural))
-
aetas
[noun]
(age, time of life, generation)
-
quisquam
[pronoun]
(anyone, anything (after negative/question))
-
possessio
[noun]
(possession, occupation, property)
-
reliquus
[adjective]
(remaining, rest (of), future)
-
mulier
[noun]
(woman, wife)
The Latin word “mulier” is the origin of the words “moglie” in Italian, “mujer” in Spanish, and “mulher” in Portuguese.
-
sanguis
[noun]
(blood)
-
iubeo
[verb]
(to order, command)
-
pes
[noun]
(foot)
-
eo
[verb]
(to go)
-
coepi
[verb]
((defective, perfect forms only) began, have begun)
-
nox
[noun]
(night)
The Latin word “nox” (night) is the origin of the words “noche” in Spanish and “nuit” in French. It is also the root of the English adjective “nocturnal.”
-
lux
[noun]
(light, daylight)
The Latin word “lux” (light) is the origin of the words “luz” in Spanish and “luce” in Italian.
-
senatus
[noun]
(senate)
-
simul
[adverb]
(at the same time, together)
-
paro
[verb]
(to prepare, provide, get ready, obtain)
-
promitto
[verb]
(to promise, send forth)
-
secundus
[adjective]
(second, following; favorable)
-
signum
[noun]
(sign, signal, standard, seal, statue)
-
spes
[noun]
(hope, expectation)
-
itaque
[adverb/conjunction]
(and so, therefore)
-
ostendo
[verb]
(to show, point out, display)
-
bene
[adverb]
(well)
-
os
[noun]
(mouth, face, expression)
-
iustus
[adjective]
(just, right, fair, lawful)
-
restituo
[verb]
(to restore, give back, rebuild)
-
patrius
[adjective]
(father's, ancestral, native)
-
peccatum
[noun]
(sin, mistake, fault)
The Latin word “peccatum” is the origin of the words “pecado” in Spanish, “peccato” in Italian, and “péché” in French.
-
imperator
[noun]
(commander, general, emperor)
-
maneo
[verb]
(to remain, stay, wait)
-
praedico
[verb]
(to proclaim, declare, preach)
-
sentio
[verb]
(to feel, perceive, think, realize)
-
auctor
[noun]
(author, originator, founder, promoter)
-
adversus
[preposition]
(against, opposite to (+acc))
-
numquam
[adverb]
(never)
The Latin adverb “numquam” (never) is the origin of the Spanish adverb “nunca”.
-
verus
[adjective]
(true, real, proper)
-
mons
[noun]
(mountain)
-
testamentum
[noun]
(will, testament, covenant)
-
pertineo
[verb]
(to extend, pertain, relate (to ad))
The Latin verb “pertineo” (to belong) is the origin of the English verb “to pertain.”
-
tamquam
[adverb]
(as, just as, as if, like)
-
sermo
[noun]
(conversation, speech, discourse, language, rumor)
The Latin word “sermo” (speech) is the root of the English word “sermon”.
-
imperium
[noun]
(command, power, authority, empire)
-
quicumque
[pronoun/determiner]
(whoever, whatever, whichever)
-
numerus
[noun]
(number, group, rank)
-
sensus
[noun]
(sense, feeling, perception, meaning)
-
forma
[noun]
(form, shape, beauty, appearance)
-
oratio
[noun]
(speech, oration, prayer)
-
instituo
[verb]
(to set up, establish, arrange, teach)
-
potius
[adverb]
((comparative) rather, preferably)
-
fortuna
[noun]
(fortune, luck, chance, fate)
-
arma
[noun]
((plural only) arms, weapons, armor)
-
infero
[verb]
(to bring in, carry in; inflict, cause; (bellum inferre) make war on)
-
proximus
[adjective]
((superlative of prope) nearest, next, last)
-
propono
[verb]
(to put forward, propose, set forth, expose)
-
alienus
[adjective]
(belonging to another, foreign, strange, unfavorable)
The Latin adjective “alienus” is the origin of the English word “alien.” It comes from the word “alius” which means “other”.
-
sacer
[adjective]
(sacred, holy; accursed)
-
gloria
[noun]
(glory, fame, renown)
-
poena
[noun]
(punishment, penalty)
-
sapientia
[noun]
(wisdom)
-
fundus
[noun]
(bottom, base; farm, estate)
-
praecipio
[verb]
(to instruct, order, command, anticipate)
-
defero
[verb]
(to carry down, bring, report, accuse, offer)
-
supra
[preposition]
(above, over, beyond (+acc))
-
fors
[noun]
(chance, luck, fortune)
-
doceo
[verb]
(to teach, instruct, inform)
-
cura
[noun]
(care, concern, anxiety, task)
-
offero
[verb]
(to offer, present, expose)
-
cunctus
[adjective]
(all, whole, entire (often plural))
-
scientia
[noun]
(knowledge, science, skill)
-
salus
[noun]
(health, safety, salvation, greeting)
-
possideo
[verb]
(to possess, hold, occupy)
-
mundus
[noun]
(world, universe; adornment)
-
praesum
[verb]
(to be in charge of, be before, preside over (+dat))
-
consto
[verb]
(to stand firm, stand together; consist of; cost; be agreed upon)
-
quisquis
[pronoun]
(whoever, whatever)
-
consul
[noun]
(consul)
-
consulo
[verb]
(to consult, consider, ask advice of (+acc); look after, be mindful of (+dat))
-
adeo
[adverb]
(to such an extent, so, thus far, indeed)
-
superior
[adjective]
((comparative of superus) higher, upper, previous, superior)
-
equus
[noun]
(horse)
The Latin word “equus” (horse) is the root of the English adjective “equestrian” which means “related to horseback riding”.
-
pretium
[noun]
(price, value, reward)
-
caput
[noun]
(head; source; capital city; life)
-
nolo
[verb]
(to not want, be unwilling, refuse)
-
diligo
[verb]
(to love, cherish, esteem)
-
muto
[verb]
(to change, alter, exchange)
-
amor
[noun]
(love, affection)
The Latin word “amor” is the root of the English adjective “amorous”.
-
auctoritas
[noun]
(authority, influence, prestige)
-
confero
[verb]
(to bring together, collect, compare; contribute; bestow)
-
exemplum
[noun]
(example, model, precedent)
-
par
[adjective]
(equal, like (+dat))
-
amo
[verb]
(to love, like)
The Latin verb “amo” (to love) appears in the phrase “si vis amari ama” by the philosopher Seneca, which translates to “if you want to be loved, love”.
-
prohibeo
[verb]
(to prevent, prohibit, forbid, keep away)
The English words “prohibit” and “prohibition” come from this Latin word.
-
sto
[verb]
(to stand, stand firm, remain)
-
altus
[adjective]
(high, deep, tall)
-
prior
[adjective]
((comparative) former, earlier, prior, first (of two))
-
circa
[preposition]
(around, about, near (+acc))
-
vita
[noun]
(life)
The Latin word “vita” (life) appears (in an inflected form) in the Latin term “Curriculum vitae” which is often abbreviated as CV.
-
scilicet
[adverb]
(of course, naturally, namely)
-
casus
[noun]
(fall, chance, misfortune, event, case (grammatical))
-
consequor
[verb]
((deponent) follow up, overtake, achieve, obtain)
-
quilibet
[pronoun/determiner]
(anyone you please, anything, any whatever)
-
longus
[adjective]
(long, far)
-
verbum
[noun]
(word, verb)
The Latin term “verbum” (word) is the origin of the term “verbatim” (word for word) that is used in English.
-
efficio
[verb]
(to bring about, cause, effect, accomplish)
-
appareo
[verb]
(to appear, become visible, be evident)
-
materia
[noun]
(matter, material, timber, subject, cause)
-
sumo
[verb]
(to take, take up, assume, consume)
-
legio
[noun]
(legion)
-
curo
[verb]
(to care for, look after, attend to; manage)
-
quattuor
[numeral]
(four)
-
mare
[noun]
(sea)
-
timeo
[verb]
(to fear, be afraid (of))
-
paucus
[adjective]
(few, little; (pl. noun) a few)
-
proelium
[noun]
(battle, combat)
-
hinc
[adverb]
(from here, hence; henceforth)
-
nego
[verb]
(to deny, refuse, say no)
-
sol
[noun]
(sun)
The Latin word “sol” (sun) is the root of the English adjective “solar.”
-
libero
[verb]
(to free, set free, liberate)
-
tot
[determiner]
((indeclinable) so many)
-
mereo
[verb]
(to earn, deserve, merit; serve (as a soldier))
-
tollo
[verb]
(to lift, raise; remove, destroy, steal)
-
plerusque
[adjective]
((mostly plural) very many, the majority, most)
-
absum
[verb]
(to be absent, be away, be distant)
-
lingua
[noun]
(tongue, language, speech)
The Latin word “lingua” (language) appears in the expression “lingua franca” which means “common language”.
-
utique
[adverb]
(certainly, at any rate, in any case, especially)
-
dignitas
[noun]
(worth, dignity, rank, honor, prestige)
-
qualis
[adjective/pronoun]
(of what sort? what kind of?; (such) as)
-
puer
[noun]
(boy, child; servant)
The Latin word “puer” (child) is the root in the English adjective “puerile,” which means childish and immature.
-
statim
[adverb]
(immediately, at once)
-
multitudo
[noun]
(multitude, crowd, great number)
-
munus
[noun]
(duty, service, gift, office; (pl.) games, public show)
-
necesse
[adjective]
((indeclinable) necessary, unavoidable)
-
occupo
[verb]
(to seize, occupy, take possession of)
-
aeternus
[adjective]
(eternal, everlasting)
-
exsisto
[verb]
(to step forth, emerge, appear, exist, become)
-
cur
[adverb]
(why?)
-
familia
[noun]
(family, household, retinue)
-
posterus
[adjective]
(following, next, future; (pl. noun) descendants)
-
traho
[verb]
(to draw, drag, pull; derive; prolong)
-
significo
[verb]
(to signify, indicate, show, mean)
-
condicio
[noun]
(condition, terms, agreement, situation)
-
studium
[noun]
(eagerness, zeal, study, pursuit, devotion)
-
at
[conjunction]
(but, yet, at least)
-
memoria
[noun]
(memory, recollection, record)
-
ira
[noun]
(anger, wrath, rage)
The Latin word “ira” (anger) is the root of the English word “irate”.
-
iniurius
[adjective]
(unjust, wrongful, injurious)
-
intra
[preposition]
(within, inside (+acc))
-
item
[adverb]
(likewise, also, in the same way)
-
defendo
[verb]
(to defend, protect, ward off)
-
nomino
[verb]
(to name, call)
-
multo
[adverb]
(much, by much, greatly)
-
lapis
[noun]
(stone)
-
periculum
[noun]
(danger, risk, peril; trial)
The Latin word “periculum” is the origin of the words “péril” in French, “pericolo” in Italian, “peligro” in Spanish, and “perigo” in Portuguese.
-
cogito
[verb]
(to think, consider, reflect, plan)
-
auris
[noun]
(ear)
-
status
[noun]
(state, condition, position, standing)
-
motus
[noun]
(motion, movement, disturbance, emotion)
-
audeo
[verb]
((semi-deponent) dare, venture)
The Latin verb “audeo” (to dare) is related to the noun “audax,” meaning “bold” and “daring”. This term is the root of the English word “audacity”.
-
ultimus
[adjective]
((superlative) farthest, last, final, extreme)
-
quippe
[adverb/conjunction]
(indeed, certainly, for, since (often explains))
-
committo
[verb]
(to join, entrust, commit (crime), begin (battle))
-
concedo
[verb]
(to yield, grant, concede, withdraw)
-
parens
[noun]
(parent)
-
ingredior
[verb]
((deponent) go in, enter, begin)
If the Latin verb “ingredior” (to enter) looks familiar, that’s because the English word “ingredient” is derived from it.
-
vivo
[verb]
(to live, be alive)
-
omnino
[adverb]
(altogether, entirely, wholly, in all)
-
pereo
[verb]
(to perish, die, be destroyed, be lost)
-
certe
[adverb]
(certainly, surely, at least)
-
auxilium
[noun]
(help, aid, assistance; (pl.) auxiliary troops)
-
desum
[verb]
(to be lacking, be absent, fail (+dat))
-
sacerdos
[noun]
(priest, priestess)
-
praeter
[preposition]
(beyond, past, except, besides (+acc))
-
verum
[conjunction]
(but)
-
templum
[noun]
(temple, sacred precinct)
-
Roma
[proper noun]
(Rome)
-
saepe
[adverb]
(often)
-
ingenium
[noun]
(nature, character, talent, ability)
-
adsum
[verb]
(to be present, be near, assist (+dat))
-
addo
[verb]
(to add, join, increase)
-
longe
[adverb]
(far, far off, by far, for a long time)
-
oro
[verb]
(to pray, beg, plead, speak)
-
facies
[noun]
(face, appearance, shape, look)
-
pugna
[noun]
(fight, battle, contest)
The Latin word “pugna” (fight) is the root of the English adjective “pugnacious.”
-
utrum
[conjunction]
((introduces first part of double question) whether)
-
ultra
[preposition]
(beyond, further than (+acc))
-
dubito
[verb]
(to doubt, hesitate)
-
dolor
[noun]
(pain, grief, sorrow, anger, resentment)
The Latin word “dolor” (pain) has kept the same spelling and meaning in Spanish.
-
intersum
[verb]
(to be between, take part in, be different; it concerns (+gen))
-
iustitia
[noun]
(justice, righteousness, fairness)
-
membrum
[noun]
(limb, member, part)
-
accido
[verb]
(to fall upon, happen, occur (usually +dat))
-
necessitas
[noun]
(necessity, need, compulsion, fate)
-
haud
[adverb]
(not, by no means, not at all)
-
aer
[noun]
(air, atmosphere, mist)
-
eligo
[verb]
(to pick out, choose, select)
-
colo
[verb]
(to cultivate, worship, cherish, inhabit)
-
flumen
[noun]
(river, stream)
-
apostolus
[noun]
(apostle)
-
depono
[verb]
(to put down, lay aside, deposit, give up)
-
procedo
[verb]
(to go forward, advance, proceed)
-
copia
[noun]
(supply, abundance; (pl.) troops, forces, resources)
-
venio
[verb]
(to come)
-
Israhel
[proper noun]
((indeclinable) Israel)
-
mox
[adverb]
(soon, presently)
-
decem
[numeral]
(ten)
-
diu
[adverb]
(for a long time)
-
praetor
[noun]
(praetor (Roman magistrate))
-
permitto
[verb]
(to allow, permit, entrust)
-
postquam
[conjunction]
(after)
-
rursus
[adverb]
(again, back, anew)
-
aurum
[noun]
(gold)
In the periodic table of the elements, the symbol for gold (Au), comes from the Latin word “aurum”.
-
spero
[verb]
(to hope (for), expect)
The Latin word spero gave rise to the terms “espérer” in French, “sperare” in Italian, as well as “esperar” in Spanish and Portuguese.
-
beatus
[adjective]
(happy, blessed, fortunate, wealthy)
-
tandem
[adverb]
(at last, finally; (in questions) pray tell?)
-
exterior
[adjective]
((comparative) outer, exterior)
-
fere
[adverb]
(almost, nearly, about; generally)
-
regio
[noun]
(region, district, boundary, direction)
-
quamvis
[conjunction]
(although, however much (+subj))
-
futurus
[participle/adjective]
((future active participle of sum) about to be, future)
-
error
[noun]
(error, mistake, wandering, uncertainty)
-
angelus
[noun]
(angel, messenger)
-
clarus
[adjective]
(clear, bright, famous, distinct)
The Latin word “clarus” is the origin of the words “clair” in French, “chiaro” in Italian, as well as “claro” in Spanish and in Portuguese.
-
dexter
[adjective]
(right (hand side); skillful, favorable)
-
egredior
[verb]
((deponent) go out, depart, march out, disembark)
-
sustineo
[verb]
(to hold up, sustain, support, endure, withstand)
-
insula
[noun]
(island; apartment block)
-
miser
[adjective]
(miserable, wretched, unhappy, pitiful)
-
accedo
[verb]
(to approach, come near, be added)
-
plus
[adverb]
((comparative of multum) more)
-
ample
[adverb]
(amply, largely, generously)
-
plenus
[adjective]
(full (of +gen or abl), complete)
The Latin word “plenus” (full) is the root of the English word “plenary”, most commonly used in the expression “plenary session,” which refers to a session of a conference where all participants are expected to be present.
-
retineo
[verb]
(to hold back, retain, keep, restrain)
-
deduco
[verb]
(to lead down, launch, escort, withdraw, derive)
-
misceo
[verb]
(to mix, mingle, confuse)
-
iter
[noun]
(journey, route, way, march)
-
ignoro
[verb]
(to not know, be ignorant of, disregard)
-
fortis
[adjective]
(strong, brave, courageous)
-
gradus
[noun]
(step, pace, grade, rank, degree)
-
donec
[conjunction]
(until, as long as)
-
amitto
[verb]
(to lose, let go, send away)
-
praesidium
[noun]
(guard, garrison, protection, help)
-
existimo
[verb]
(to think, consider, estimate, judge)
-
dono
[verb]
(to give, present, grant, forgive)
-
etsi
[conjunction]
(even if, although)
-
beneficium
[noun]
(kindness, benefit, favor, service)
-
irascor
[verb]
((deponent) be angry (with +dat))
-
filia
[noun]
(daughter)
The Latin word “filia” (daughter) is the origin of the words “fille” in French, “figlia” in Italian, and “hija” in Spanish.
-
praebeo
[verb]
(to offer, provide, show, present)
-
nescio
[verb]
(to not know, be ignorant)
-
potior
[verb]
((deponent) get possession of, acquire, obtain (+abl or gen))
-
ferrum
[noun]
(iron; sword; tool)
-
prope
[preposition]
(near (+acc))
-
quamquam
[conjunction]
(although, though; and yet)
-
metus
[noun]
(fear, anxiety, dread)
-
recte
[adverb]
(rightly, correctly, properly)
-
saeculum
[noun]
(generation, age, century, world)
-
unusquisque
[pronoun/determiner]
(each one individually, each single one)
-
antiquus
[adjective]
(ancient, old, former)
-
timor
[noun]
(fear, dread, anxiety)
-
cado
[verb]
(to fall, die, perish, happen)
-
competo
[verb]
(to meet, coincide; be appropriate)
-
servus
[noun]
(slave, servant)
-
interim
[adverb]
(meanwhile, in the meantime)
-
color
[noun]
(color, complexion, tint)
-
initium
[noun]
(beginning, entrance, origin)
-
fugio
[verb]
(to flee, escape, avoid)
-
nobilis
[adjective]
(noble, renowned, well-known)
-
inferus
[adjective]
(low, below, underneath; (pl. noun) the dead, underworld)
-
spatium
[noun]
(space, room, distance, period of time)
-
paulus
[adjective]
(little, small)
The Latin adjective “paulus” (small) is the origin of the name Paul.
-
inimicus
[adjective]
(unfriendly, hostile (to +dat))
-
scriptura
[noun]
(writing, scripture, text)
-
rogo
[verb]
(to ask, ask for, inquire)
-
persequor
[verb]
((deponent) follow after, pursue, persecute)
-
dimitto
[verb]
(to send away, dismiss, let go, forgive)
-
fama
[noun]
(rumor, report, fame, reputation)
-
meritum
[noun]
(merit, desert, service, value, fault)
-
acies
[noun]
(sharp edge, point; line of battle; keenness (of sight/mind))
-
subeo
[verb]
(to go under, approach, undergo, endure)
-
postulo
[verb]
(to demand, ask for, require, accuse)
-
statuo
[verb]
(to set up, establish, decide, determine)
-
sapiens
[adjective]
(wise, sensible)
The Latin word “sapiens” (wise) appears in the scientific name of our species: Homo sapiens.
-
necessarius
[adjective]
(necessary, unavoidable; related)
-
tribuo
[verb]
(to assign, grant, bestow, attribute)
-
creditor
[noun]
(creditor)
-
multum
[adverb]
(much, greatly, often)
-
dos
[noun]
(dowry, gift, talent)
-
sacrificium
[noun]
(sacrifice)
-
religio
[noun]
(religion, piety, superstition, scruple, sanctity)
-
impleo
[verb]
(to fill, complete, fulfill)
-
naturalis
[adjective]
(natural, by birth)
-
ecce
[interjection]
(look! behold! see!)
-
aperio
[verb]
(to open, uncover, reveal)
-
actus
[noun]
(act, deed, performance, movement)
-
mensura
[noun]
(measure, size, extent, quantity)
-
episcopus
[noun]
(bishop, overseer)
-
defungor
[verb]
((deponent) perform, finish, discharge (+abl); die)
-
umquam
[adverb]
(ever, at any time)
-
contingo
[verb]
(to touch, reach, happen, befall (+dat))
-
vis
[noun]
((irreg.) force, power, strength, violence)
-
centum
[numeral]
(one hundred)
-
exigo
[verb]
(to drive out, demand, require, complete, measure)
-
sedeo
[verb]
(to sit, be seated; settle)
-
iterum
[adverb]
(again, a second time)
-
imago
[noun]
(image, likeness, statue, ghost, idea)
-
condo
[verb]
(to found, establish; hide, store; bury)
-
forum
[noun]
(forum, marketplace, public square)
The Latin word “forum” is used in English. In Ancient Rome, this term referred to an outdoor public square. Nowadays, this term frequently refers to online forums, like Reddit.
-
murus
[noun]
(wall (usually city wall))
-
iussus
[noun]
(order, command (mostly abl. iussu))
-
mortalis
[adjective]
(mortal, human, transient)
-
dignus
[adjective]
(worthy, deserving (of +abl))
The Latin adjective “dignus” (worthy) is the origin of the English noun “dignity”.
-
propheta
[noun]
(prophet)
-
laudo
[verb]
(to praise)
-
excipio
[verb]
(to take out, except; receive, welcome, capture)
-
aliquando
[adverb]
(sometimes, at some time, formerly, finally)
-
nuntio
[verb]
(to announce, report, relate)
-
origo
[noun]
(origin, source, birth, beginning)
-
pietas
[noun]
(piety, devotion, duty, loyalty, kindness)
-
disco
[verb]
(to learn)
-
semen
[noun]
(seed; offspring; source)
-
gigno
[verb]
(to produce, beget, give birth to, cause)
-
vir
[noun]
(man, husband, hero)
The Latin word “vir” (man) resembles the Sanskrit word “vira”. Both Latin and Sanskrit are languages that derive from the Proto-Indo-European language. For more on this, see this comparison of Latin and Sanskrit.
-
rego
[verb]
(to rule, guide, direct)
-
denique
[adverb]
(finally, at last, in short)
-
specto
[verb]
(to look at, watch, consider, face)
The word “spectator” comes from the Latin verb “specto” (to watch).
-
confiteor
[verb]
((deponent) confess, admit, acknowledge, praise)
-
abeo
[verb]
(to go away, depart)
-
pugno
[verb]
(to fight)
The Latin verb “pugno” (to fight) comes from the noun “pugnus” (a fist).
-
taceo
[verb]
(to be silent, keep quiet)
The Latin verb “taceo” (to be silent) is the origin of the English adjective “tacit” (which means implied, not made explicit).
-
falsus
[adjective/participle]
(false, deceptive, untrue)
-
affero
[verb]
(to bring to, report, cause, allege)
-
nondum
[adverb]
(not yet)
-
lignum
[noun]
(wood, timber; tree)
-
damnum
[noun]
(loss, damage, injury, harm)
-
consisto
[verb]
(to stand still, halt, stop; consist of, depend on)
-
similitudo
[noun]
(likeness, resemblance, similarity)
-
parum
[adverb]
(too little, not enough, little)
-
censeo
[verb]
(to think, judge, decree, assess, vote)
-
soror
[noun]
(sister)
The Latin word “soror” (sister) is the origin of the English word “sorority.” In the same way, the English word “fraternity” comes from the Latin term “frāter” (brother).
-
voco
[verb]
(to call, summon, name, invoke)
-
substantia
[noun]
(substance, essence, property, means)
-
magister
[noun]
(master, teacher, director)
-
cedo
[verb]
(to go, move; yield, give way; grant (+dat))
-
profero
[verb]
(to bring forward, produce, reveal, publish, postpone)
-
descendo
[verb]
(to climb down, descend, stoop)
-
ascendo
[verb]
(to climb up, ascend, mount)
-
edo
[verb]
(to eat, consume)
The Latin verb “edo” (to eat) is the root of the English adjective “edible”.
-
instruo
[verb]
(to build, arrange, draw up (troops), equip, teach)
-
obligo
[verb]
(to bind, oblige, pledge)
-
crimen
[noun]
(charge, accusation, crime, fault)
-
ora
[noun]
(shore, coast, border, edge)
-
extra
[preposition]
(outside, beyond (+acc))
-
impero
[verb]
(to command, order, rule (+dat))
-
dispono
[verb]
(to arrange, distribute, dispose, regulate)
-
delinquo
[verb]
(to fail, do wrong, commit a fault, transgress)
-
femina
[noun]
(woman, female)
The Latin word “femina” (woman) is the origin of the French word “femme” (which also means “woman”).
-
praetereo
[verb]
(to go past, pass by, omit, surpass)
-
intro
[verb]
(to enter, go into)
-
philosophus
[noun]
(philosopher)
-
decedo
[verb]
(to depart, withdraw, die)
-
obtineo
[verb]
(to hold, possess, maintain, obtain, prevail)
-
militia
[noun]
(military service, warfare, army)
-
contrarius
[adjective]
(opposite, contrary, hostile)
-
fatum
[noun]
(fate, destiny; utterance, prophecy)
-
quinque
[numeral]
(five)
-
numero
[verb]
(to count, number, reckon)
-
civitas
[noun]
(citizenship, state, city, community)
-
campus
[noun]
(plain, field, level ground)
-
illic
[adverb]
(there, in that place)
-
perpetuus
[adjective]
(continuous, uninterrupted, perpetual, permanent)
-
repeto
[verb]
(to seek back, demand back, repeat, recall, attack again)
-
praeda
[noun]
(booty, plunder, prey)
-
percipio
[verb]
(to perceive, feel, understand, learn, take possession of)
-
intellectus
[noun]
(understanding, intellect, comprehension, meaning)
-
Caesar
[proper noun]
(Caesar (cognomen, later title))
-
integer
[adjective]
(untouched, whole, complete, sound, honest)
-
mando
[verb]
(to entrust, command, order)
-
culpa
[noun]
(fault, blame, guilt, crime)
The Latin word “culpa” (fault) is the root in the English word “culprit”. It also appears in the Latin phrase “mea culpa” that is used in English.
-
contraho
[verb]
(to draw together, contract, cause, make (agreement))
-
loco
[verb]
(to place, put, arrange; let out, hire out)
-
animal
[noun]
(animal, living being)
-
regius
[adjective]
(royal, kingly, regal)
-
supero
[verb]
(to overcome, conquer, surpass, survive)
-
video
[verb]
(to see, perceive, understand)
-
testis
[noun]
(witness)
The Latin word “testis” (a witness) is a root of the English verb “to testify”.
-
corrumpo
[verb]
(to break up, destroy, ruin, corrupt, bribe)
-
furor
[noun]
(madness, frenzy, rage, passion)
-
tutor
[noun]
(guardian, protector, tutor)
The Latin word “tutor” (which means “guardian”) has entered the English language (via French) and has taken on a different meaning: someone who teaches a student.
-
incertus
[adjective]
(uncertain, unsure, doubtful, unreliable)
-
coniungo
[verb]
(to join together, unite, connect)
-
quartus
[numeral]
(fourth)
-
creatura
[noun]
(creature, creation)
-
velut
[adverb]
(just as, as if, like, as)
-
amplus
[adjective]
(large, spacious, ample, distinguished)
-
admitto
[verb]
(to admit, let in, allow, permit; commit)
-
tempto
[verb]
(to try, attempt, test, attack, tempt)
-
aufero
[verb]
(to take away, carry off, remove, steal)
-
exspecto
[verb]
(to wait for, expect, await)
-
via
[noun]
(road, way, street, path, method)
-
praefero
[verb]
(to carry before, prefer, display)
-
quin
[conjunction/adverb]
(why not? that not, but that, without (+subj); indeed)
-
gladius
[noun]
(sword)
The Latin word “gladius” (sword) is related to the term “gladiator”.
-
iuxta
[preposition]
(near, next to, beside (+acc))
The Latin preposition “iuxta” (next to) is a root of the English word “juxtaposition”.
-
Christus
[proper noun]
(Christ)
-
lumen
[noun]
(light, lamp, eye; glory)
-
damno
[verb]
(to condemn, sentence, doom)
-
resisto
[verb]
(to resist, oppose, stand firm (+dat))
-
pateo
[verb]
(to be open, be accessible, extend, be evident)
-
scelus
[noun]
(crime, wickedness, villainy)
-
creo
[verb]
(to create, make, produce, elect)
-
discedo
[verb]
(to go away, depart, leave, separate)
-
exhibeo
[verb]
(to show, display, present, provide)
-
merces
[noun]
(pay, wages, reward, price; rent)
The Latin word “merces” (wages) is the root of the English word “mercenary”.
-
laus
[noun]
(praise, glory, merit)
The Latin word “laus” (praise) is the origin of the Italian word “lode”. As a Romance language, Italian derives from Latin, hence the similarities between Italian and Latin.
-
consuetudo
[noun]
(custom, habit, practice, usage, familiarity)
-
quemadmodum
[adverb]
(how? in what manner?; just as)
-
diabolus
[noun]
(devil)
-
regno
[verb]
(to rule, reign, be king)
-
concipio
[verb]
(to take in, conceive, receive, understand)
-
cupio
[verb]
(to desire, wish, long for)
-
facultas
[noun]
(ability, skill, opportunity, means, supply)
-
nimius
[adjective]
(too much, excessive, too great)
-
habitus
[noun]
(condition, appearance, habit, dress)
-
arbitror
[verb]
((deponent) think, judge, consider, suppose)
-
desidero
[verb]
(to long for, desire, miss, want)
-
iungo
[verb]
(to join, unite, connect, yoke)
-
sedes
[noun]
(seat, chair, residence, throne, place)
-
deficio
[verb]
(to fail, give out, revolt from, be lacking, faint)
-
convenio
[verb]
(to come together, assemble; agree; be fitting (+dat))
-
definio
[verb]
(to define, limit, determine, settle)
-
pauper
[adjective]
(poor, needy)
-
emptor
[noun]
(buyer, purchaser)
-
cesso
[verb]
(to cease, stop, delay, be idle)
-
aequus
[adjective]
(equal, level, fair, just, calm)
-
aestimo
[verb]
(to value, estimate, reckon, consider)
-
perdo
[verb]
(to destroy, ruin, lose, waste)
-
fundo
[verb]
(to pour, shed, scatter, rout)
-
doctrina
[noun]
(teaching, instruction, learning, doctrine)
-
comparo
[verb]
(to prepare, provide, get ready; compare; acquire)
-
porta
[noun]
(gate, entrance, door)
-
mora
[noun]
(delay, hesitation, pause)
-
praefectus
[noun]
(prefect, commander, governor)
-
cibus
[noun]
(food)
-
remitto
[verb]
(to send back, relax, forgive, remit, yield)
-
adhibeo
[verb]
(to apply, employ, summon, bring to)
-
male
[adverb]
(badly, wrongly, ill)
-
ingens
[adjective]
(huge, vast, enormous, great)
-
dirigo
[verb]
(to direct, steer, arrange, align)
-
dubius
[adjective]
(doubtful, uncertain, hesitating)
The Latin term “dubius” (doubtful) is the origin of the English term “dubious”.
-
expedio
[verb]
(to set free, extricate, prepare, explain; be advantageous)
-
oppono
[verb]
(to set against, oppose, object)
-
modicus
[adjective]
(moderate, modest, scanty, small)
-
praeceptum
[noun]
(rule, precept, command, instruction)
-
interrogo
[verb]
(to ask, question, interrogate)
-
socius
[noun]
(ally, comrade, partner, associate)
-
potentia
[noun]
(power, might, influence, ability)
-
pario
[verb]
(to give birth to, produce, create, acquire)
-
sors
[noun]
(lot, fate, destiny, share, oracle)
-
conficio
[verb]
(to complete, finish, accomplish; exhaust, weaken; kill)
-
fraus
[noun]
(fraud, deceit, trickery, crime, harm)
-
adicio
[verb]
(to add, throw to, attach)
-
transfero
[verb]
(to carry across, transfer, transport, translate)
-
puella
[noun]
(girl)
-
stella
[noun]
(star)
The Latin word “stella” (star) is the root of the English adjective “stellar”. Stella is also a female name in several languages, including English.
-
tracto
[verb]
(to handle, manage, treat, discuss)
-
pariter
[adverb]
(equally, together, at the same time)
-
opinio
[noun]
(opinion, belief, reputation, expectation)
-
cito
[verb]
(to summon, urge on, cite, quote)
-
incipio
[verb]
(to begin, start, undertake)
-
demonstro
[verb]
(to show, point out, demonstrate, prove)
-
facilis
[adjective]
(easy)
-
facile
[adverb]
(easily)
-
misericordia
[noun]
(pity, mercy, compassion)
-
iulianus
[adjective]
(Julian)
-
opprimo
[verb]
(to press down, overwhelm, suppress, crush)
-
plebs
[noun]
(common people, plebeians)
-
arbor
[noun]
(tree)
The Latin word “arbor” is the origin of the words “arbre” in French, “albero” in Italian, “árbol” in Spanish, and “árvore” in Portuguese.
-
tribunus
[noun]
(tribune)
-
quomodo
[adverb]
(how? in what way?; as, just as)
-
fidelis
[adjective]
(faithful, loyal, trustworthy)
-
viginti
[numeral]
(twenty)
-
procurator
[noun]
(agent, manager, governor, procurator)
-
nitor
[verb]
((deponent) strive, exert oneself; lean on, rely on (+abl))
-
turba
[noun]
(crowd, mob, disturbance, turmoil)
-
differo
[verb]
(to scatter, spread; postpone, differ)
-
cursus
[noun]
(course, running, journey, race, progress)
-
disciplina
[noun]
(training, instruction, discipline, learning, system)
-
honestus
[adjective]
(honorable, respected, virtuous, noble)
-
exceptio
[noun]
(exception, objection)
-
compono
[verb]
(to put together, arrange, compose, settle)
-
aliter
[adverb]
(otherwise, differently)
-
veluti
[adverb]
(just as, as if, like, as for example)
-
consulatus
[noun]
(consulship, office of consul)
-
impono
[verb]
(to place upon, impose, inflict, deceive (+dat))
-
diligenter
[adverb]
(carefully, diligently)
-
conspectus
[noun]
(sight, view, presence)
-
utilis
[adjective]
(useful, advantageous, beneficial)
-
custodio
[verb]
(to guard, watch over, protect, preserve)
-
sufficio
[verb]
(to be sufficient, suffice; supply, provide)
-
profectus
[noun]
(progress, advance, success)
-
hora
[noun]
(hour, time, season)
-
exeo
[verb]
(to go out, go forth, depart, perish)
-
coram
[adverb]
(face to face, openly, in the presence of)
-
finio
[verb]
(to finish, end, limit, determine)
-
quaestio
[noun]
(question, inquiry, investigation, torture)
-
fuga
[noun]
(flight, escape, exile)
-
magnitudo
[noun]
(size, greatness, importance)
-
videlicet
[adverb]
(namely, to wit, clearly)
-
lateo
[verb]
(to lie hidden, be concealed, lurk, escape notice)
-
arbitrium
[noun]
(judgment, decision, authority, choice, will)
-
emo
[verb]
(to buy, purchase)
-
noceo
[verb]
(to harm, injure, hurt (+dat))
-
dolus
[noun]
(trick, deceit, cunning, fraud)
-
subito
[adverb]
(suddenly, unexpectedly)
-
hodie
[adverb]
(today)
-
habito
[verb]
(to live, dwell, inhabit)
-
effectus
[noun]
(result, effect, execution, accomplishment)
-
rescribo
[verb]
(to write back, reply in writing; rewrite)
-
hostis
[noun]
(enemy (of the state), foe; stranger)
-
cumque
[adverb]
((enclitic) whenever, however, -ever)
-
ecclesia
[noun]
(church, assembly)
-
decerno
[verb]
(to decide, determine, decree, vote)
-
caedes
[noun]
(slaughter, massacre, murder, bloodshed)
-
quotiens
[adverb]
(how often? how many times?; as often as)
-
perfectus
[adjective/participle]
(perfect, complete, finished)
-
pronuntio
[verb]
(to announce, proclaim, pronounce, recite)
-
considero
[verb]
(to consider, examine, reflect upon)
-
epistula
[noun]
(letter, epistle)
-
destino
[verb]
(to fix, determine, intend, appoint, aim)
-
quies
[noun]
(rest, quiet, peace, sleep)
-
provincia
[noun]
(province)
-
confirmo
[verb]
(to strengthen, confirm, encourage, assert)
-
ictus
[noun]
(blow, stroke, hit, beat, pulse)
-
proficiscor
[verb]
((deponent) set out, depart, proceed)
-
tenebrae
[noun]
((plural only) darkness, gloom, shadows)
-
praetorium
[noun]
(general's tent, headquarters, governor's residence, palace)
-
saepius
[adverb]
((comparative of saepe) more often, quite often, too often)
-
testimonium
[noun]
(testimony, evidence, proof)
-
felix
[adjective]
(lucky, fortunate, happy, successful)
The Latin adjective “felix” (happy) is the origin of the words “felice” in Italian and “feliz” in Spanish. It is also the root of the English term “felicity”.
-
occurro
[verb]
(to run up to, meet, occur, appear (+dat))
-
cognitio
[noun]
(knowledge, acquaintance, investigation, trial)
-
caelestis
[adjective]
(heavenly, celestial)
-
voluntas
[noun]
(will, wish, desire, goodwill, purpose)
-
utilitas
[noun]
(usefulness, utility, advantage, benefit)
-
intendo
[verb]
(to stretch out, aim, intend, exert, intensify)
-
miror
[verb]
((deponent) wonder at, admire, be surprised)
-
stipulatio
[noun]
(stipulation, formal agreement, bargain)
-
antequam
[conjunction]
(before)
-
odium
[noun]
(hatred, dislike, enmity)
-
iaceo
[verb]
(to lie, lie down, lie dead, be situated)
-
tego
[verb]
(to cover, protect, hide, conceal)
-
profecto
[adverb]
(indeed, surely, certainly)
-
exitus
[noun]
(exit, departure, end, outcome, death)
-
vix
[adverb]
(hardly, scarcely, with difficulty)
-
durus
[adjective]
(hard, harsh, stern, difficult, rough)
-
aedes
[noun]
(temple; (pl.) house, dwelling)
-
cultus
[noun]
(cultivation, care, worship, culture, refinement, dress)
-
oleum
[noun]
(olive oil, oil)
-
adduco
[verb]
(to lead to, bring, induce, influence)
-
contendo
[verb]
(to strive, struggle, contend, hasten, demand, assert)
-
tango
[verb]
(to touch, strike, influence, border on)
-
congrego
[verb]
(to gather together, assemble, congregate)
-
impedio
[verb]
(to hinder, impede, obstruct, prevent)
-
septem
[numeral]
(seven)
-
creator
[noun]
(creator, maker, founder)
-
pecco
[verb]
(to sin, make a mistake, err, transgress)
-
armo
[verb]
(to arm, equip)
-
induco
[verb]
(to lead in, induce, persuade, introduce, cover)
-
continuus
[adjective]
(continuous, uninterrupted, successive)
-
mirus
[adjective]
(wonderful, strange, surprising, marvelous)
-
debitor
[noun]
(debtor)
-
insum
[verb]
(to be in, be present in (+dat or in +abl))
-
careo
[verb]
(to lack, be without, be free from (+abl))
-
primo
[adverb]
(at first, firstly)
-
penitus
[adverb]
(deeply, inwardly, thoroughly, completely)
-
tantummodo
[adverb]
(only, merely)
-
como
[verb]
(to arrange, adorn (hair); tend (less common verb))
-
desero
[verb]
(to desert, abandon, forsake)
-
praemium
[noun]
(reward, prize, profit, bounty)
-
orbis
[noun]
(circle, orbit, disk, world, earth)
The Latin word “orbis” is the root of the English word “orbit,” which refers to a circular or elliptical recurring trajectory.
-
excito
[verb]
(to rouse, excite, summon, awaken, erect)
-
expugno
[verb]
(to take by storm, capture, conquer)
-
cogitatio
[noun]
(thought, thinking, reflection, plan)
-
impetro
[verb]
(to obtain (by request), procure, accomplish)
-
iuro
[verb]
(to swear, take an oath)
-
philosophia
[noun]
(philosophy)
Philosophia is a word that the Latin language borrowed from Ancient Greek. Ancient Rome had its share of philosophers, including Marcus Aurelius and Seneca. It is hard to know if philosophy played as significant a role in ancient Rome as it did in ancient Greece, but it played enough of a role for this term to appear among the most common Latin words.
-
adquiro
[verb]
(to acquire, gain, obtain, add)
-
accuso
[verb]
(to accuse, blame, charge)
-
procul
[adverb]
(far off, at a distance, from afar)
-
occulo
[verb]
(to hide, conceal, cover up)
-
terminus
[noun]
(boundary, limit, end, term)
-
societas
[noun]
(fellowship, association, alliance, partnership, society)
-
vere
[adverb]
(truly, really, indeed, rightly)
-
laboro
[verb]
(to work, toil, labor; suffer, be hard pressed)
-
vester
[determiner]
(your, yours (plural))
-
edico
[verb]
(to proclaim, declare, decree, ordain)
-
rectus
[adjective/participle]
(straight, direct, right, proper, virtuous)
-
effundo
[verb]
(to pour out, shed, spill, emit, squander)
-
praeterea
[adverb]
(besides, moreover, furthermore)
-
instrumentum
[noun]
(instrument, tool, implement, means, document)
-
vox
[noun]
(voice, cry, utterance, word, sound)
-
pendeo
[verb]
(to hang, hang down, depend, be suspended)
-
circulus
[noun]
(circle, orbit, ring, group)
-
manifestus
[adjective]
(clear, evident, plain, manifest)
-
expono
[verb]
(to set forth, explain, expose, put ashore)
-
sane
[adverb]
(certainly, indeed, truly; reasonably; yes)
-
natio
[noun]
(nation, people, race, tribe)
-
volo
[verb]
(to wish, want, be willing)
-
remaneo
[verb]
(to remain, stay behind, continue, persist)
-
immo
[adverb]
(on the contrary, nay rather, yes indeed)
-
certamen
[noun]
(contest, struggle, battle, rivalry)
-
orior
[verb]
((deponent) rise, arise, begin, originate)
-
obsidio
[noun]
(siege, blockade)
-
mas
[noun]
(male (person or animal))
-
Hierusalem
[proper noun]
((indeclinable or Hierosolyma) Jerusalem)
-
interdico
[verb]
(to forbid, prohibit, interdict (+dat of person, acc/abl of thing))
-
legatio
[noun]
(embassy, legation, mission, office of legate)
-
perduco
[verb]
(to lead through, conduct, bring, prolong, persuade)
-
monstro
[verb]
(to show, point out, indicate, teach)
-
erro
[verb]
(to wander, stray, err, be mistaken)
-
mille
[numeral]
((indecl. adj.) thousand; (pl. noun milia, milium) thousands)
-
colligo
[verb]
(to collect, gather, assemble)
-
quare
[adverb]
(why? for what reason?; therefore; whereby)
-
proprie
[adverb]
(properly, specially, particularly)
-
prodeo
[verb]
(to come forth, go forward, advance, appear)
-
tempero
[verb]
(to moderate, regulate, control, restrain; refrain from (+abl or ab +abl))
-
umbra
[noun]
(shadow, shade, ghost)
The Latin word “umbra” (a shadow) is the root of the English word “umbrella”.
-
Italia
[proper noun]
(Italy)
-
flamma
[noun]
(flame, fire, passion)
-
felicitas
[noun]
(happiness, good fortune, success, fertility)
-
pupillus
[noun]
(orphan, ward (male))
-
moneo
[verb]
(to warn, advise, remind, teach)
-
nonne
[adverb]
((introduces question expecting 'yes') surely? not?)
-
sacramentum
[noun]
(oath (esp. military), sacrament, sacred rite, mystery)
-
simplex
[adjective]
(simple, plain, single, straightforward, frank)
-
Romanus
[adjective/noun]
(Roman; a Roman)
-
possessor
[noun]
(possessor, owner)
-
decet
[verb]
((impersonal) it is fitting, it is proper, it becomes (+acc +inf))
-
neglego
[verb]
(to neglect, disregard, overlook)
-
incido
[verb]
(to fall into, fall upon, happen, occur (+dat or in +acc))
-
adoro
[verb]
(to adore, worship, pray to, plead)
-
suburbanus
[adjective]
(suburban)
-
testor
[verb]
((deponent) testify, bear witness, declare, invoke)
-
obligatio
[noun]
(obligation, bond, liability)
-
supplex
[adjective]
(suppliant, humble, beseeching)
-
idoneus
[adjective]
(suitable, fit, appropriate, capable)
-
olim
[adverb]
(once, formerly, at that time; sometime)
-
reperio
[verb]
(to find, discover, find out, invent)
-
prudentia
[noun]
(foresight, prudence, wisdom, discretion)
-
divinus
[adjective]
(divine, godlike, inspired)
-
porro
[adverb]
(forward, further, moreover, then)
-
indico
[verb]
(to point out, indicate, show, declare, betray)
-
extendo
[verb]
(to stretch out, extend, enlarge, increase)
-
gratus
[adjective]
(pleasing, grateful, welcome, agreeable)
An inflected form of this adjective appears in the Latin expression “persona non grata” which literally means “person not pleasing” and which refers to an “unwelcome person”.
-
fallo
[verb]
(to deceive, trick, cheat, disappoint, escape notice of)
-
valde
[adverb]
(very, very much, strongly, greatly)
-
mandatum
[noun]
(order, command, instruction, mandate)
-
requiro
[verb]
(to seek, ask for, need, require, inquire)
-
argumentum
[noun]
(argument, proof, evidence, plot, subject)
-
prex
[noun]
((mostly plural preces) prayer, entreaty, request)
-
succedo
[verb]
(to go under, follow after, succeed, prosper (+dat))
-
triginta
[numeral]
(thirty)
-
discrimen
[noun]
(distinction, difference, crisis, danger, decision)
-
emitto
[verb]
(to send out, let go, emit, utter)
-
testator
[noun]
(testator (one who makes a will))
-
commendo
[verb]
(to entrust, commit, recommend)
-
experior
[verb]
((deponent) try, test, experience, find out)
-
paco
[verb]
(to pacify, subdue)
-
celebro
[verb]
(to frequent, throng, celebrate, honor, praise)
-
amnis
[noun]
(river, stream)
-
memoro
[verb]
(to recall, relate, mention, remember)
-
tergum
[noun]
(back, rear; skin, hide)
-
commodus
[adjective]
(suitable, convenient, agreeable, comfortable)
-
furtum
[noun]
(theft, robbery; trick, stolen thing)
-
interficio
[verb]
(to kill, destroy)
-
quiesco
[verb]
(to rest, keep quiet, sleep, be inactive)
-
praeparo
[verb]
(to prepare, make ready beforehand)
-
sino
[verb]
(to allow, permit)
-
matrimonium
[noun]
(marriage, matrimony)
-
Paulus
[proper noun]
(Paul (Roman cognomen))
-
exerceo
[verb]
(to train, exercise, practice, cultivate, vex)
-
momentum
[noun]
(moment, movement, importance, influence, cause)
-
comedo
[verb]
(to eat up, consume, devour, waste)
-
excello
[verb]
(to excel, surpass, be eminent)
-
comprehendo
[verb]
(to seize, grasp, comprehend, include, arrest)
-
priusquam
[conjunction]
(before)
-
praepono
[verb]
(to place before, put in charge of, prefer (+dat))
-
virtus
[noun]
(virtue, courage, excellence, manliness, power)
-
impendo
[verb]
(to spend, expend, devote)
-
desino
[verb]
(to cease, stop, desist from)
-
curia
[noun]
(senate house; curia (division of Roman people))
-
poeta
[noun]
(poet)
-
occasio
[noun]
(opportunity, occasion, suitable moment)
-
prosum
[verb]
(to be useful, benefit, profit (+dat))
-
consumo
[verb]
(to use up, consume, spend, waste, destroy)
-
penes
[preposition]
(in the power of, in the possession of, with (+acc))
-
semel
[adverb]
(once, a single time)
-
subicio
[verb]
(to throw under, subject, place under, substitute, suggest)
-
munio
[verb]
(to fortify, protect, defend, build (a road))
-
rapio
[verb]
(to seize, snatch, carry off, plunder)
-
pontifex
[noun]
(pontiff, high priest)
-
oppugno
[verb]
(to attack, assault, besiege)
-
circuitus
[noun]
(circuit, circumference, revolution, roundabout way)
-
gaudeo
[verb]
((semi-deponent) rejoice, be glad, delight in (+abl))
-
repens
[adjective/participle]
(sudden, unexpected; creeping)
-
subdo
[verb]
(to place under, substitute, subject, apply)
-
impetus
[noun]
(attack, assault, impulse, violence, vigor)
-
turbo
[verb]
(to disturb, confuse, throw into disorder)
-
opinor
[verb]
((deponent) suppose, think, judge, believe)
-
duplex
[adjective]
(double, twofold, false, deceitful)
-
latro
[noun]
(robber, bandit, mercenary soldier)
The Latin word “latro” is the root of the English word “larceny” which is a synonym of “theft”.
-
paternus
[adjective]
(father's, paternal, ancestral)
-
protinus
[adverb]
(immediately, forthwith, continuously, forward)
-
licentia
[noun]
(freedom, license, lawlessness, boldness)
-
respicio
[verb]
(to look back (at), regard, consider, respect)
-
aequor
[noun]
(level surface, sea, plain)
-
adiungo
[verb]
(to join to, add, attach, associate)
-
argentum
[noun]
(silver, money)
-
turpis
[adjective]
(ugly, shameful, disgraceful, base)
-
condemno
[verb]
(to condemn, sentence, convict)
-
inclino
[verb]
(to bend, incline, lean; turn, change; yield)
-
difficilis
[adjective]
(difficult, hard, troublesome, stubborn)
-
titulus
[noun]
(title, inscription, label, pretext, notice)
-
nimis
[adverb]
(too much, excessively)
-
inanis
[adjective]
(empty, void; vain, foolish, worthless)
-
parco
[verb]
(to spare, refrain from, be lenient to (+dat))
-
ordino
[verb]
(to arrange, order, regulate, ordain)
-
patro
[verb]
(to accomplish, perform, bring about)
-
desiderium
[noun]
(longing, desire, regret, grief, need)
-
punio
[verb]
(to punish)
-
ripa
[noun]
(bank (of a river))
-
animo
[verb]
(to animate, give life to, encourage)
-
pignus
[noun]
(pledge, security, hostage; token, proof)
-
ultro
[adverb]
(voluntarily, spontaneously; besides, moreover; to the further side)
-
nuptiae
[noun]
((plural only) marriage, wedding)
-
clamo
[verb]
(to shout, cry out, proclaim)
-
tempestas
[noun]
(time, season; weather, storm; misfortune)
-
praemitto
[verb]
(to send ahead, send in advance)
-
iniquus
[adjective]
(uneven, unequal, unfair, unjust, unfavorable)
-
excedo
[verb]
(to go out, depart, exceed, surpass, die)
-
separo
[verb]
(to separate, divide, distinguish)
-
memini
[verb]
((defective, perfect forms only) remember, recollect (+gen or acc))
-
declino
[verb]
(to turn aside, avoid, decline, deviate)
-
supplicium
[noun]
(punishment (esp. death penalty), suffering, torture; supplication)
-
distinguo
[verb]
(to distinguish, separate, decorate)
-
minuo
[verb]
(to lessen, diminish, reduce)
-
plane
[adverb]
(clearly, plainly, distinctly, entirely)
-
sublimis
[adjective]
(high, lofty, elevated, sublime, eminent)
-
donum
[noun]
(gift, present, offering)
-
militaris
[adjective]
(military, warlike)
-
terror
[noun]
(terror, fear, dread, panic)
-
pondus
[noun]
(weight, burden, importance, mass)
-
terrenus
[adjective]
(earthly, terrestrial, of the earth)
-
sapio
[verb]
(to taste, have sense, be wise)
-
prae
[preposition]
(before, in front of (+abl); because of, in comparison with)
-
defensio
[noun]
(defense)
-
universus
[adjective]
(all together, whole, entire, universal)
-
reficio
[verb]
(to remake, repair, restore, refresh)
-
frumentum
[noun]
(grain, corn; (pl.) crops)
-
agnosco
[verb]
(to recognize, acknowledge, understand)
-
orator
[noun]
(orator, speaker, envoy)
-
cornu
[noun]
(horn; wing (of an army); trumpet)
-
cerno
[verb]
(to discern, perceive, distinguish, decide)
-
defensor
[noun]
(defender, protector, advocate)
-
recedo
[verb]
(to go back, withdraw, retreat, retire)
-
educo
[verb]
(to lead out, bring forth, raise, educate)